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| Christopher. "Books" 8/27/08 via flickr. Attribution 2.0 Generic |
Dauphinais, D. [deanokat]. (2015, August 27). A3: I think once someone's addicted their brain takes over and it's more like a disease. #CADAChat [Tweet]. Retrieved from https://twitter.com/deanokat/status/636997331632701440
This tweet is used by Dauphinias to state his opinion on the controversy. However, it is implied that he agrees that addiction is a choice that slowly manifests into a disease. The context of this tweet comes from his experiences with his son as an addict. Therefore, this tweet could be used to describe what someone who has experience addiction firsthand feels about this debate.
Davey, M. (2015, August 30). Marc Lewis: The neuroscientist who believes addiction is not a disease. The Guardian. Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/
In her article on The Guardian, Davey discusses the context behind Dr. Marc Lewis and his new book, and then goes on to interview him on his ideas of addiction. They discuss his theory that addiction is a choice, not a disease. From this theory, Lewis states that by realizing that addiction is a choice, doctors can better rehabilitate their patients. This article can be used to reference Lewis' ideas in a paper as a major force within this controversy.
Hall, W., Carter, A., & Forlini, C. (2015).The brain disease model of addiction: is it supported by the evidence and has it delivered on its promises? The Lancet Psychiatry, 2, 105-110. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00126-6
In this article in The Lancet Physiology, the authors question the research behind genetics in addiction and BDMA. They do so by describing the research and then analyzing how BDMA would, or would not, fit into their perceptions of the research. They conclude that while BDMA is definitely the most widely agreed upon model for addiction, it is still not providing the correct treatments for addicts. Yet, they don't agree that addiction is a choice either, but a mixture of the two. This article is a good reference to how both of the opinions could be balanced within the controversy to create an ideal rehabilitation program.
Harvard Extension School. (2010, June 9). Is Addiction a Choice? Faculty Insight with Gene Heyman [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch? t=17&v=jh0ZAUxuQSo
This interview is used by Harvard Extension School to showcase one of it's lecturers' theories on this debate. He believes that addiction is a choice, as also stated in his book. However, he also agrees that genetics have a part in influencing addiction. Mainly, he believes that there are external factors that influence addicts into continuing their addictions. Finally, he describes how drugs physically change how the brain works. This interview is a great source concerning those who believe that addiction is a choice as there is data and a credible source to support it.
Koob, G., Sanna, P., & Bloom, F. (1998). Neuroscience of Addiction. Neuron, 21, 467- 476. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80557-7
The authors use this article to describe and explain the science behind addiction and the effects it has on the brain. They use both animal case studies and data from human addicts to explain that using addictive substances becomes positive in the addict's mind, and become dependent during withdrawal. They state that there are many chemicals and impulses involved with addiction and once someone is addicted, it is very easy to relapse. This article could be used to present the scientific and physiological side of this argument for either side.
Miller, L. (2015, June 27). Addiction is not a disease: A neuroscientist argues that it’s time to change our minds on the roots of substance abuse. Salon. Retrieved from http://www.salon.com/
Miller, in her article on Salon, compares Marc Lewis' ideas to Alcoholics Anonymous' ideas of rehabilitation. She does so by describing how Lewis defends his theories, through showcasing his case studies and answers to interview questions, and then discussing how AA uses a 12-Step program that is mostly successful. This article could be used to reference both sides of this controversy, and possibly even how they can both intertwine together to create a balance.
Noë, A. (2011, September 9). Addiction Is Not A Disease Of The Brain. NPR. Retrieved from http://www.npr.org/
In this article, Noë states her reasoning behind why she does not consider addiction a disease. She calls upon the reader to not think about what makes something addictive, but instead the effects of partaking in something addictive. She notes that there is plenty of research to suggest that all addictive activities have an effect on the levels of dopamine in the body. Since this is a normal chemical in the body, it is not a disease, just the brain gearing a person toward a fixed goal on that one activity. This text is good evidence since it gives actually scientific explanation as to why they believe their side to be right.
O'Connor, P. (2012, June 10). The Fallacy of the 'Hijacked Brain'. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/
O'Connor starts by describing both sides of this controversy, then goes on to say that recent studies are more in favor of addiction being a disease. This is due to the effect of a brain that has been taken over by chemical responses, leaving them unable to choose whether or not they want to continue their addictive behaviors. However, she claims that this is a false analogy. She continues by stating that addiction is both a disease and a choice. Her article is a good source to use because she is not on either side and instead takes both opinions into her claims.
Satel, S., & Lilienfeld, S. (2007, July 25). Medical Misnomer. Slate. Retrieved from http://www.slate.com/
This article from Slate focuses more on the political side of addiction and disease. With a background in psychiatry, these authors scoff at the idea of the Recognizing Addiction As a Disease Act of 2007, which would simply change the names of addiction organizations to incorporate the idea of addiction being a brain disease. They state that there is an ability to choose to stop your addiction, so, thinking of addiction as a disease leads to ineffective treatment. This source is good to use because the authors have personal experience in dealing with addicts.
Volkow, N. (2015, June 12). Addiction Is a Disease of Free Will. Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/
Nora, after hearing about her grandfather's own battle with addiction, claims that addiction as a brain disease is an abstract idea and does not explain why people become addicted. The way she explains it is that free will and self-control have been taken away when someone is an addict. Therefore, we should not shame addicts because there is more complicated pathology behind it. Her article acts as a good source because she has experienced the effects of addiction and also studies drug abuse as a career.
The example of an annotated bibliography I used was from Bethel University.
Noë, A. (2011, September 9). Addiction Is Not A Disease Of The Brain. NPR. Retrieved from http://www.npr.org/
In this article, Noë states her reasoning behind why she does not consider addiction a disease. She calls upon the reader to not think about what makes something addictive, but instead the effects of partaking in something addictive. She notes that there is plenty of research to suggest that all addictive activities have an effect on the levels of dopamine in the body. Since this is a normal chemical in the body, it is not a disease, just the brain gearing a person toward a fixed goal on that one activity. This text is good evidence since it gives actually scientific explanation as to why they believe their side to be right.
O'Connor, P. (2012, June 10). The Fallacy of the 'Hijacked Brain'. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/
O'Connor starts by describing both sides of this controversy, then goes on to say that recent studies are more in favor of addiction being a disease. This is due to the effect of a brain that has been taken over by chemical responses, leaving them unable to choose whether or not they want to continue their addictive behaviors. However, she claims that this is a false analogy. She continues by stating that addiction is both a disease and a choice. Her article is a good source to use because she is not on either side and instead takes both opinions into her claims.
Satel, S., & Lilienfeld, S. (2007, July 25). Medical Misnomer. Slate. Retrieved from http://www.slate.com/
This article from Slate focuses more on the political side of addiction and disease. With a background in psychiatry, these authors scoff at the idea of the Recognizing Addiction As a Disease Act of 2007, which would simply change the names of addiction organizations to incorporate the idea of addiction being a brain disease. They state that there is an ability to choose to stop your addiction, so, thinking of addiction as a disease leads to ineffective treatment. This source is good to use because the authors have personal experience in dealing with addicts.
Volkow, N. (2015, June 12). Addiction Is a Disease of Free Will. Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/
Nora, after hearing about her grandfather's own battle with addiction, claims that addiction as a brain disease is an abstract idea and does not explain why people become addicted. The way she explains it is that free will and self-control have been taken away when someone is an addict. Therefore, we should not shame addicts because there is more complicated pathology behind it. Her article acts as a good source because she has experienced the effects of addiction and also studies drug abuse as a career.
The example of an annotated bibliography I used was from Bethel University.
Reflection:
Reading through other classmates' annotated bibliographies revealed to me what I can change in the future.
First, reading through Addie's post, which was styled in APA as well, helped me to think about my summaries. She did a great job about keeping her summaries concise and yet getting the main points of the article across. Plus, it was very easy to read and flowed really well. Then, reading through Mark's post was interesting because in APSA style, they don't have a specific annotated bibliography model and instead take it from Chicago. He also did really well with his summaries and was able to introduce his articles without using a specific formula, which is something I find hard to do.
Overall your bibliography looks really good! Your annotations are brief, but still get the job done, by providing important details about the sources and possible future use. I also tried to do my bibliography directly on my blog... so I understand that it is hard to achieve absolutely perfect formatting on Blogger. But for future reference, I would suggest making sure that any lines of text after the first, in your citations, are indented and the annotations below the citations are also indented. Other than that minor change, your bibliography looks great!
ReplyDeleteApart from formatting differences, there's not much I can really say other than that the information you put in your list looks good. In terms of formatting, though, the example/guideline does say not to give an extra space between the citation and annotation. I'm not sure how important it is, and it's definitely difficult to do, at least with blogger, as Thomas mentioned.
ReplyDeleteYour bibliography is well done, however I felt like you did not address the audience. Personally, I also had trouble with that, since it's hard to exactly pinpoint the audience of a popular news outlet. Besides this small aspect everything else seems great!
ReplyDelete